Il verbo avere in inglese è all'infinito "to have".
Al present simple è leggermente irregolare e si coniuga così:
I have
You have
He/She/It has
We have
You have
They have
Negativa:
I don't have
You don't have
He/She/It doesn't have
We don't have
You don't have
They don't have
Interrogativa (chiaramente sono domande incomplete):
Do I have...?
Do you have...?
Does he/she/it have...?
Do we have...?
Do you have...?
Do they have...?
Il suo past simple è "had" (in tutte le persone); il participio passato è sempre "had"
Il verbo avere in inglese fa da ausiliare in tutti i tempi "perfect" (present perfect, past perfect..)
Present perfect del verbo avere:
I have had
You have had
He/She/It has had
We have had
You have had
They have had
Past perfect del verbo avere:
I had had
You had had
He/She/It had had
We had had
You had had
They had had
Future perfect del verbo avere
I will have had
You will have had
He/She/It will have had
We will have had
You will have had
They will have had
(io avrò avuto, tu avrai avuto ecc)
Una particolarità di "had" che molti non conoscono è che può essere usato in modo simile a "if" (Se) ed è alquanto formale.
Had you studied more, you would have passed the exam (se tu avessi studiato di più, avresti passato l'esame)
Had you listened to me, you would have won (se mi avessi ascoltato, avresti vinto)
Had you had a head, you would have had a hat (se tu avessi avuto una testa, avresti avuto un cappello).
Un verbo imparentato ad avere è "have to", che vuol dire "dovere", particolarmente per doveri derivanti da autorità esterne. Si tratta di un verbo modale "improprio" (almeno io li chiamo così)
You have to sign these papers (devi firmare questi fogli)
You have to study more
Negato, diventa don't have to / doesn't have to e significa "non devi per forza", "non sei costretto".
It's Sunday, so you don't have to get up early (è domenica, quindi non devi per forza svegliarti presto)
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